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© 1987 Oxford University Press

RESEARCH-ARTICLE

A Comparative Study on the Effects of H2S and SO2 Fumigation on the Growth and Accumulation of Sulphate and Sulphydryl Compounds in Trifolium pratense L., Glycine max Merr. and Phaseolus vulgaris L.

FRANK M. MAAS 1, LUIT J. DE KOK, JANNY L. PETERS and PIETER J. C. KUIPER

Department of Plant Physiology, University of Groningen P.O. Box 14, 9750 AA Haren (Gn), The Netherlands

Maas, F. M., De Kok, L. J., Peters, J. L. and Kuiper, P. J. C. 1987. A comparative study on the effects of H2S and SO2 fumigation on the growth and accumulation of sulphate and sulphydryl compounds in Trifolium pratense L., Glycine max Merr. and Phaseolus vulgaris L.—J. exp. Bot. 38: 1459-1469.

The effects of 0—25 mm3 dm3 H2S and SO2 on growth and sulphur content of shoots of Trifolium pratense, Glycine max and Phaseolus vulgaris were studied. After 2 weeks of fumigation the yield of T. pralense was reduced by 32% by H2S, but not affected by SO2. Yield of G. max was not affected by H2S, but reduced by 20% by SO2, whereas that of P. vulgaris was increased by 11% by H2S and not affected by SO2. Increases in sulphydryl content were already observed after 24 h of exposure to H2S and SO2 in all plants. The increase was greatest in T. pratense and smallest in P. vulgaris and, except for T. pratense, always greater in the H2S-exposed than the SO2-exposed plants. One day of exposure resulted in an increase in sulphate content only in the SO2-fumigated plants, with the highest accumulation in T. pratense and the lowest in P. vulgaris. After 2 weeks an increase in sulphate content was also observed in the H2S-exposed plants. This increase was also highest in T. pratense and lowest in P. vulgaris.

Transpiration rate was not affected by a 24 h exposure to H2S or SO2 and was highest in T. pratense, intermediate in G. max and lowest in P. vulgaris.

The order of theoretical rates of deposition of H2S and SO2 correlated with the observed increases in sulphydryl content during the first 24 h of exposure in both H2S and SO2-fumigated plants and with the increase in sulphate content in the SO2-exposed plants. The increases in sulphydryl content were only ≤ 8% of the theoretical H2S and SO2-deposition fluxes, whereas sulphate accumulation accounted for at least 57% of the theoretical SO2-deposition flux.

Key words: Air pollution, clover, French bean, Glutathione, Soybean, sulphur metabolism.


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