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© 1990 Oxford University Press

RESEARCH-ARTICLE

Photodestruction of Pigments in Higher Plants by Herbicide Action

I. THE EFFECT OF DCMU (DIURON) ON ISOLATED CHLOROPLASTS

PAUL BARRY, ANDREW J. YOUNG1 and GEORGE BRITTON

Department of Biochemistry, University of Liverpool P.O. Box 147, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK

1 School of Natural Sciences, Liverpool Polytechnic, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK.

3-(3',4'-Dichlorophenyl)-1',1'-dimethyl urea (DCMU) induced the photobleaching of chlorophylls and carotenoids in isolated chloroplasts of Hordeum vulgare. In chloroplasts illuminated in both the absence and presence of DCMU (5.0 mmol m–3), the destruction of carotenoid preceded that of the chlorophylls. The rate of photodestruction was accelerated by the presence of DCMU. After only 2 h illumination the rates of loss of ß-carotene and of the epoxyxanthophylls, neoxanthin and violaxanthin, were similar (approximately 40–50% loss in the presence of 5–0 mmol m–3 DCMU) but weremuch greater than that of lutein (25% loss). Analysis of the individual pigment-protein complexes, isolated from chloroplasts following such treatment, showed that whilst pigment destruction had occurred in all complexes, the relative content of the LHCP2/CPa complexes (containing the PSII core) had fallen to the greatest extent. Further illumination of the chloroplasts, for up to 22 h, resulted in far greater bleaching but showed a similar pattern of pigment loss, with DCMU again accelerating the rate at which this loss occurred. ß-Carotene-5,6-epoxide was identified as a product of such photo-oxidative conditions.

Key words: DCMU, carotenoids, chlorophylls, photobleaching, ß-carotene-5,6-expoxide


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