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© 1992 Oxford University Press

RESEARCH-ARTICLE

Effects and Interactions of Ozone and the Anti-ozonant EDU at Different Stages of Radish {Raphanus sativus L.) Development

REINHARD KOSTKA-RICK and WILLIAM J. MANNING

Department of Plant Pathology, University of Massachusetts Fernald Hall, Amherst, MA 01003, USA

Present address and to whom correspondence should be sent: TtTV Sudwest e.V., Fachgruppe Okologie (EUO 2), Gottlieb-Daimler-Strasse 7, W-7024 Filderstadt, Germany.

The use of the anti-ozonant ethylenediurea (EDU) to assess crop losses due to atmospheric ozone (O3), is controversial because of incomplete knowledge on the optimal dosage, the extent of protection provided and potential effects on plant performance of EDU per se. In a greenhouse experiment, radish (Raphanus sativus L.) cv. ‘Cherry Belle’ plants were treated with EDU as a soil drench (150 mg1minusb1, 60 ml plantminusb1) at three stages of development: early, maximum and late hypocotyl thickening. Two days later the plants were exposed to O3, mimicking an ambient pattern (70 nl 1minusb1 O3, 7 h dminusb1, 5 d, and up to 120 nl 1minusb1 O3 on 2 d), or remained in filtered air.

Assessment of leaf injury showed complete protection from ozone-induced leaf damage at all stages of growth due to EDU. EDU did cause slight leaf margin necrosis and hyponastic leaf deformation irrespective of the atmospheric treatment, but biomass and relative growth rate (RGR) of the shoot and leaf number duration were not altered and leaf area duration was increased when compared to control plants. EDU did not affect dry weight accumulation nor RGR of the hypocotyl. Ozone-induced reductions in growth of below-ground organs (hypocotyl and root), which were most prominent in the intermediate and early stage of growth, were largely suppressed by the EDU-treatment. Decreases of hypocotyl biomass due to O3 were transient and significant increases in RGR of the hypocotyl during the post-exposure period indicated a substantial capability of compensation during the period of recovery.

Key words: Radish (Raphanus sativus), ozone, anti-ozonant, ethylenediurea (EDU), development, phytotoxicity


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