Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol 49, 829-838, Copyright © 1998 by Oxford University Press
R Child, N Chauvaux, K John, P Ulvskov and H Van Onckelen
Ethylene production was studied during the development and senescence of
seeds and pericarp tissues of oilseed rape (Brassica
napus L.) pods (siliquae). In the course of the rise to a
pre-senescence climacteric, little change in
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) was recorded in the seeds,
indicating a rapid conversion to ethylene. In contrast, very small amounts
of ethylene were produced by the pod wall (PW) tissues, which included the
dehiscence zone (DZ), while levels of free and conjugated ACC in the PW
increased consistently. As climacteric thylene production by the seeds
declined, biosynthesis of ethylene by the PW increased. Effects of reducing
ethylene production by various means were examined in relation to cell
separation in the dehiscence zone. Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) applied
during the pre-senescence climacteric reduced ACC levels and ethylene
production by the seeds, but did not affect subsequent values in the PW.
The production of
ARTICLES
Ethylene biosynthesis in oilseed rape pods in relation to pod shatter
IACR-Long Ashton Research Station, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bristol, Long Ashton, Bristol BS18 9AF, UK; University of Antwerp, Department of Biology, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Biotechnology Group, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, DJF, Thorvaldsensveg 40, Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Corresponding author; e-mail: robin.child@bbsrc.ac.uk
-1,4-glucanase and the
separation of the cells of the DZ were delayed for 3-4 d by AVG, but the
force required to open fully mature pods was unaltered. In parthenocarpic
(seedless) pods, ethylene was produced during senescence. Cell separation
in the DZ took place as in seeded pods, although it was also delayed by 3-4
d. The results are related to changes in indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) levels
in oilseed rape pods which decline in PW and DZ tissues during senescence.
It is concluded that separation in the cells of the dehiscence zone
requires only small amounts of ethylene to trigger the process when IAA
levels are low.Keywords: Oilseed rape, pod shatter,
ethylene metabolism, aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), parthenocarpy.
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