Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol 50, 1281-1288, Copyright © 1999 by Oxford University Press
J Prioul, S Pelleschi, M Sene, C Theevenot, M Causse, D de Vienne and A Leonardi
In order to facilitate the search for genes underlying QTLs (Quantitative
Trait Loci), the activities of key enzymes of the carbohydrate metabolism
in maize, and the concentration of their substrates or products were used
as quantitative traits. For each of the chosen enzyme, i.e. ADPglucose
pyrophosphorylase, sucrose-phosphate-synthase and invertases, the
corresponding cDNA was available. Since biochemical traits are more closely
related to gene expression than agronomic traits, co-locations could be
expected between an enzyme structural gene and a QTL for its enzyme
activity, and/or the corresponding product or substrate content. This
approach was applied using recombinant inbred lines on leaves at 3- or
4-leaf stage, under control and water stress conditions and on grain, at
maturity. Several QTLs were detected for each trait, particularly for two
enzyme activities measured in mature leaves. Apparent co-locations between
QTL for activity and structural locus were observed for
sucrose-phosphate-synthase (chromosome 8) and acid-soluble invertase
(chromosome 2 and 5). Leaf acid-soluble (vacuolar) invertase provided an
interesting case since QTL, on chromosome 5, explaining 17% of variability
was apparently co-located with the Ivr2 gene encoding
a vacuolar invertase protein which was strongly water-stress inducible.
Similarly, in grain, an amylose QTL co-located with the
Sh2 gene of ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase. The
reliability of this candidate was further tested through the examination of
Sh2 DNA polymorphism in 46 genetically unrelated
lines. A correlation was obtained between this polymorphism and kernel
starch content, which further validated Sh2 as a
candidate. Some improvements or alternatives to this strategy are briefly
discussed.
ARTICLES
From QTLs for enzyme activity to candidate genes in maize
Institut de Biotechnologie des Plantes, Bâtiment 630 (CNRS UMR8618), Structure et Métabolisme des Plantes, Université de Paris-Sud, F-91405, Orsay Cedex, France; Station de Génétique Veacute;gétale (UPS/INRA/INAPG/CNRS), Ferme du Moulon, F-91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Sation d'Amélioration des Plantes Maraîchéres, INRA-Domaine Maurice, BP 94, F-84143 Montfavet Cedex, France; Corresponding author e-mail: prioul@ibp.u-psud.fr
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