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Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 51, No. 352, pp. 1939-1944, November 1, 2000
© 2000 Oxford University Press

Original Papers

Abscisic acid and hypoxic induction of anoxia tolerance in roots of lettuce seedlings

Hisashi Kato-Noguchi1

Department of Biochemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seedlings were subjected to anoxic stress after ABA-pretreatment (ABA-PT) or hypoxic-pretreatment (H-PT). The H-PT increased the survivability of the anoxia in roots of the seedlings by 5.2-fold compared to that of non-pretreated (N-PT) seedlings. ABA-PT also increased the survivability at concentrations greater than 1 µM, and the survivability increased with increasing ABA doses. At 100 µM ABA, the survivability was 4.5-fold greater than that of N-PT seedlings. During pretreatment periods, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH, EC 1.1.1.1) activity in the roots became 3.1- and 3.4-fold greater than that of N-PT seedlings following 100 µM ABA-PT and H-PT seedlings, respectively. After the onset of anoxic stress, ADH activities in all roots increased, but the activities in H-PT and ABA-PT roots remained much greater than that in N-PT roots, and the average ethanol production rate for the initial 6 h was 5.3, 4.0 and 1.4 µmol g-1 FW h-1 for H-PT, ABA-PT and N-PT roots, respectively. Roots of the seedlings lost ATP rapidly under anoxic stress; however, the decrease in ATP was much slower in the ABA-PT and H-PT seedlings than in the N-PT seedlings. These results suggest that the ABA-PT and H-PT may maintain ATP levels due to activation of ethanolic fermentation, which may be one of the causes of the increasing anoxia tolerance in the seedling roots. Measurement of endogenous ABA levels, however, showed that ABA levels did not increase during the H-PT, suggesting that the H-PT does not increase tolerance through an increase in ABA levels.

Key words: Abscisic acid, alcohol dehydrogenase, anoxia tolerance, ATP, Lactuca sativa.


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