Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 51, No. 90001, pp. 383-389,
February 2000
© 2000 Oxford University Press
Photosynthesis, plant growth and N allocation in transgenic rice plants with decreased Rubisco under CO2 enrichment
1 Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Tsutsumidori-Amamiyamachi, Sendai 981–8555, Japan
2 Research Institute of Agricultural Resources, Ishikawa Agricultural College, Nonomachi, Ishikawa 921–8836, Japan
3 National Institute of Agrobiological Resources, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–8602, Japan
Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco) efficiency for CO2-saturated photosynthesis was examined in leaves of rice (Oryza sativa L.). The amount of Rubisco in a leaf was calculated to be 30–55% in excess for the light-saturated rate of photosynthesis at 100 Pa CO2. Long-term exposure to CO2 enrichment decreased the amount of Rubisco protein. However, N was not reallocated from decreased Rubisco to other components limiting photosynthesis, and the decrease in Rubisco was simply due to a decrease in total leaf-N content by CO2 enrichment. Thus, rice plants did not optimize N allocation into Rubisco at elevated CO2. Transgenic rice plants with decreased Rubisco were obtained by transformation with the rbcS antisense gene. The transformant with 65% wild-type Rubisco was selected as a plant with optimal Rubisco content for CO2-saturated photosynthesis at the level of a single leaf. This selected transgenic plant had 20% lower rates of photosynthesis at normal CO2 (36 Pa), but 5–15% higher rates of photosynthesis at elevated CO2 (100 Pa) for a given leaf N content. However, such transgenic plants did not necessarily show greater production of biomass even under conditions of CO2enrichment. Although they had a higher N-use efficiency for plant growth under such conditions during the middle stage of growth, the growth rate was lower during the early stage of growth. Thus, improvement of N-use efficiency by a single leaf did not necessarily lead to greater production of biomass by the whole plant.
Key words: Elevated CO2, nitrogen, Oryza sativa L., photosynthesis, Rubisco
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