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Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 52, No. 359, pp. 1277-1282, June 1, 2001
© 2001 Oxford University Press

Original Papers

Plant growth and cation composition of two cultivars of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) differing in P uptake efficiency

Y.-G. Zhu1,2,3,5, S.E. Smith1,2,3 and F.A. Smith2,4

1 Cooperative Research Centre for Molecular Plant Breeding, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond SA 5064, Australia
2 Centre for Plant Root Symbioses, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond SA 5064, Australia
3 Department of Soil and Water, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond SA 5064, Australia
4 Department of Environmental Biology, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond SA 5005, Australia

Phosphorus (P)–zinc (Zn) interactions were investigated in two wheat cultivars (Brookton versus Krichauff) differing in P uptake efficiency. The experiment was done in a growth chamber. Rock phosphate (RP) or CaHPO4 (CaP) were used as P sources, and ammonium nitrate (AN) or nitrate only (NO) were used as nitrogen sources. Two Zn levels were used, 0.22 mg kg-1 (LZ) and 2.2 mg ZnSO4.7H2O kg-1 (HZ), respectively. P availability significantly affected plant biomass production, but Zn supply had little effect. Plants fed ammonium nitrate had significantly lower concentrations of cations than those fed nitrate only. Cultivar Brookton (with higher P uptake efficiency) consistently had lower concentrations of cations than cv. Krichauff (with low P uptake efficiency) under limited P supply. The differences in concentrations of cations increased with the decrease in P availability, but were not affected by Zn supply. The ratio of potassium in roots to shoots of cultivar Brookton was always higher than in cultivar Krichauff. Based on these findings, it is postulated that the lower concentrations of cations in cultivar Brookton are related to root exudation of organic anions, and a conceptual model is established to describe the regulation of root exudation of organic anions and concentrations of cations.

Key words: Cation–anion balance, cation composition, phosphorus efficiency, zinc-phosphorus interaction, wheat.


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