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Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 53, No. 369, pp. 757-763, April 1, 2002
© 2002 Oxford University Press

Original Papers

Carbon isotope composition of sugars in grapevine, an integrated indicator of vineyard water status

Jean-Pierre Gaudillère1,4, Cornelius Van Leeuwen2 and Nathalie Ollat3

1 INRA Agronomie, BP 81, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
2 ENITA de Bordeaux, 1 Cours du Général de Gaulle, 33175 Gradignan cedex, France
3 INRA UREFV, BP 81, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France

Photosynthetic carbon isotope composition ({delta}13C) was measured on sugars in mature fruits from field-grown grapevines. Sugar {delta}13C and summer predawn leaf water potential were significantly correlated. The survey of different vineyards during four growing seasons showed that sugar {delta}13C in must at harvest varied from -20{per thousand} to -26{per thousand} when conditions during berry maturation varied from dry to wet. This range allows a very sensitive detection of grapevine water status under natural conditions. However, local differences due to soil capacity to supply water to grapevines are maintained, whatever the annual water balance. Leaf nitrogen content variations of field-grown grapevines did not change {delta}13C values. Genetic variability of {delta}13C between 31 grapevine varieties for {delta}13C was observed. Must sugar {delta}13C can be used to characterize vineyards for their soil structural capacity to provide water to grapevines. It was concluded that isotope carbon composition in grapevine measured on sugars at harvest can be applied to compare the capacities of vineyard soils and canopy management to induce mild water stress in order to produce premium wines.

Key words: {delta}13C, genetic variability, Vitis vinifera L., water stress.


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