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Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 53, No. 371, pp. 1187-1195, May 2002
© 2002 Oxford University Press

Original Papers

Determining critical pre- and post-anthesis periods and physiological processes in Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. exposed to moderately elevated temperatures

Suguru Sato1 3, Mary M. Peet1 and Judith F. Thomas2

1Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Box 7609, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
2Department of Botany, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA

To determine the thermosensitive periods and physiological processes in tomato flowers exposed to moderately elevated temperatures, tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., cv. NC 8288) were grown at 28/22 °C or 32/26 °C day/night temperature regimes and then transferred to the opposite regime for 0–15 d before or 0–24 h after anthesis. For plants initially grown at 28/22 °C, moderate temperature stress before anthesis decreased the percentage of fruit set per plant, but did not clarify the thermosensitive period. The same level of stress did not significantly reduce fruit set when applied immediately after anthesis. For plants initially grown at 32/26 °C, fruit set was completely prevented unless a relief period of more than 5 d was provided before anthesis. The same level of stress relief for 3–24 h after anthesis also increased fruit set. Plants were most sensitive to 32/26 °C temperatures 7–15 d before anthesis. Microscopic investigation of anthers in plants grown continuously at high temperature indicated disruption of development in the pollen, endothecium, epidermis, and stomium. This disruption was reduced, but still observable in plants relieved from high temperature for 10 d before anthesis.

Key words: Anther, fruit set, global warming, heat tolerance, male reproductive structures, microsporogenesis, pollen, temperature-sensitive period, thermotolerance.


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