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Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 53, No. 376, pp. 1857-1865, September 1, 2002
© 2002 Oxford University Press

Bleaching herbicide effects on plastids of dark-grown plants: lipid composition of etioplasts in amitrole and norflurazon-treated barley leaves

Received 7 February 2002; Accepted 10 May 2002

D. Di Baccio1, M. F. Quartacci1, F. Dalla Vecchia2, N. La Rocca2, N. Rascio2 and Flavia Navari-Izzo3,1

1 Dipartimento di Chimica e Biotecnologie Agrarie, Università di Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
2 Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy

Abbreviations: DGDG, digalactosyldiacylglycerol; GL, glycolipids; MGDG, monogalactosyldiacylglycerol; NF, norflurazon, PG, phosphatidylglycerol; PL, phospholipids; PLB, prolamellar body; POR, protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase; SQDG, sulphoquinovosyldiacylglycerol.

The effects of the bleaching herbicides amitrole (125 µM) and norflurazon (100 µM) on etioplast lipids were studied in barley plants (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Express) grown for 7 d either at 20°C or 30°C in darkness. Total lipid, glycolipid and phospholipid contents of control etioplasts were increased at 30°C in comparison with those at 20°C. The two herbicides caused a decrease in the total lipid, glycolipid and phospholipid amounts compared to the untreated etioplasts and lowered the lipid to protein ratio. In the controls, monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) and digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) accounted for about 66 mol% of the etioplast polar lipids, while the remainder was represented by sulphoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG), in approximately equal proportions. Both amitrole and norflurazon increased MGDG at both temperatures, but decreased DGDG except with norflurazon at 30°C. As a consequence, the MGDG to DGDG molar ratio was higher in the herbicide-treated etioplasts compared to the controls at both the growth temperatures. The amount of the negatively charged polar lipids SQDG and PG were decreased by treatments with amitrole at 20°C and norflurazon at 30°C. The two herbicides determined different responses in the fatty acid unsaturation of the individual polar lipids. Changes in the lipid composition of etioplasts and the interaction between the pigment–protein complex, protochlorophyllide–NADPH–protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase, and polar lipids are discussed.

Key words: Key words: Amitrole, etioplasts, Hordeum vulgare, lipids, norflurazon.


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