Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 53, No. 377, pp. 2089-2098,
October 1, 2002
© 2002 Oxford University Press
QTL analysis of fruit quality in fresh market tomato: a few chromosome regions control the variation of sensory and instrumental traits
Received 26 March 2002; Accepted 11 June 2002
1 INRA, Centre d’Avignon, Unité de Génétique et d’Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, Domaine Saint-Maurice, BP 94, F-84143 Montfavet Cedex, France
2 INRA, Centre d’Avignon, UMR Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d’Origine Végétale, Domaine Saint-Paul, F-84914 Avignon Cedex 9, France
3 To whom correspondence should be addressed. Fax: +33 4 32 72 27 02. E-mail: Mathilde.Causse{at}avignon.inra.fr
The organoleptic quality of tomato fruit involves a set of attributes (flavour, aroma, texture) that can be evaluated either by sensory analyses or by instrumental measures. In order to study the genetic control of this characteristic, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population was developed from an intraspecific cross between a cherry tomato line with a good overall aroma intensity and an inbred line with medium flavour but bigger fruits. A total of 38 traits involved in organoleptic quality were evaluated. Physical traits included fruit weight, diameter, colour, firmness, and elasticity. Chemical traits were dry matter weight, titratable acidity, pH, and the contents of soluble solids, sugars, lycopene, carotene, and 12 aroma volatiles. A panel of trained assessors quantified sensory attributes: flavour (sweetness and sourness), aroma (overall aroma intensity, together with candy, lemon, citrus fruit, and pharmaceutical aromas) and texture (firmness, meltiness, mealiness, juiciness, and skin difficult to swallow). RILs showed a large range of variation. Molecular markers were used to map a total of 130 quantitative trait loci (QTL) for the 38 traits. They were mainly distributed in a few chromosome regions. Major QTLs (R2 >30%) were detected for fruit weight, diameter, colour, firmness, meltiness, and for six aroma volatiles. The relationships between instrumental measures and sensory traits were analysed with regard to the QTL map. A special insight was provided about the few regions where QTLs are related to multiple traits. A few examples are shown to illustrate how the simultaneous analysis of QTL segregation for related traits may aid in understanding the genetic control of quality traits and pave the way towards QTL characterization.
Key words: Key words: Aroma, Lycopersicon esculentum, organoleptic quality, QTL, sensory analysis, texture.
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