JXB Advance Access originally published online on September 25, 2003
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Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 54, No. 392, pp. 2541-2552,
November 1, 2003
© 2003 Oxford University Press
A whole-plant analysis of the dynamics of expansion of individual leaves of two sunflower hybrids
Received 1 April 2003; Accepted 11 July 2003
1 Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress Environnementaux (LEPSE), Unité Mixte de Recherche, 759 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique – Agro Montpellier, 2 place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 1, France
2 Unidad Integrada Balcarce, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria – Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CC 276, 7620 Balcarce, Argentina
3 Unité Mixte de Recherche Botanique et Bioinformatique de l’Architecture des Plantes (AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), Bd de la Lironde, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Fax: +33 467 522 116. E-mail: turc{at}ensam.inra.fr
Abbreviations: PPFD, photosynthetic photon flux density; VPD, vapour pressure deficit.
Common features in the time-course of expansion of leaves which considerably differed in final area, due to phytomer position, growing conditions and genotype, were identified. Leaf development consisted of two phases of exponential growth, followed by a third phase of continuous decrease of the relative expansion rate. The rate and the duration of the first exponential phase were common to all phytomers, growing conditions and genotypes. Leaves differed in the rate and the duration of the second exponential phase. The decrease of the relative expansion rate during the third phase depended on neither genotype nor growing conditions. It was phytomer-dependent and was deduced from the rate of the second phase via a parameter common to all cases studied. Differences in final leaf area among growing conditions were linked to different expansion rates during the second exponential phase. The duration of the phases at any given phytomer position was the same for the two hybrids in different growing conditions. The dates of developmental events (initiation, end of the two exponential phases, full expansion), and the rate of the second exponential phase, were related to phytomer position, defining a strict pattern of leaf development at the whole plant level. Using this framework simplified the analysis of the response of leaf expansion to genotype and environment.
Key words: Exponential growth, Helianthus annuus L., leaf expansion, phasic development, phytomer, thermal time, whole-plant-analysis.
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