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JXB Advance Access originally published online on December 12, 2003
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Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 55, No. 395, pp. 169-179, January 1, 2004
© 2004 Oxford University Press

Signalling in Biotic Stress

Signals for local and systemic responses of plants to pathogen attack

Received 6 June 2003; Accepted 8 October 2003

Hideyuki Suzuki1, Yiji Xia1,2,*, Robin Cameron3, Gail Shadle1, Jack Blount1, Chris Lamb4 and Richard A. Dixon1,{dagger}

1 Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
2 Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
3 Department of Botany, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B2, Canada
4 John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK

* Present address: Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St Louis, Missouri 63105, USA.
{dagger} To whom correspondence should be addressed. Fax: +1 580 224 6692. E-mail: radixon{at}noble.org

Activation of plant defences following recognition of pathogen attack involves complex reiterative signal networks with extensive signal amplification and cross-talk. The results of two approaches that have been taken to analyse signalling in plant–microbe interactions are discussed here. Activation tagging with T-DNA harbouring multiple 35S enhancer elements was employed as a gain-of-function approach to dissect signalling related to bacterial pathogen resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana. From a screen of ~5000 activation tagged lines, one line was identified as harbouring a T-DNA leading to over-expression of an apoplastic aspartic protease (CDR-1), that resulted in resistance to normally virulent Pseudomonas syringae. The second approach was to screen for loss-of-function mutants in T-DNA tagged populations. From a screen of 11 000 lines, one line, defective in induced resistance-1 (dir-1) lost resistance to normally avirulent P. syringae. Models for action of the products of the CDR-1 and DIR-1 genes suggest involvement of peptide and lipid signals in systemic disease resistance responses in A. thaliana.

Key words: Aspartic protease, bacterial resistance, lipid transfer protein, salicylic acid, signal transduction.


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