Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 55, No. 396, pp. 463-473, February 1, 2004
© 2004 Oxford University Press
Regulation of Growth, Development and Whole Organism Physiology |
Actin-dependent fluid-phase endocytosis in inner cortex cells of maize root apices
Received 30 July 2003; Accepted 27 October 2003
ka1,2,*
amaj1,3
1Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Kirschallee 1, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
2 Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 14, SK-84223, Bratislava, Slovakia
3 Institute of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Akademická 2, SK-94901 Nitra, Slovakia
4 Structural Studies Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QH, UK
* To whom correspondence should be addressed in Germany. Fax: +49 228 739004. E-mail: baluska{at}uni-bonn.de
Abbreviations: LB, latrunculin B; LY, Lucifer Yellow; BDM, 2,3 butanedione monoxime.
The fluorescent dye Lucifer Yellow (LY) is a well-known and widely-used marker for fluid-phase endocytosis. In this paper, both light and electron microscopy revealed that LY was internalized into transition zone cells of the inner cortex of intact maize root apices. The internalized LY was localized within tubulo-vesicular compartments invaginating from the plasma membrane at actomyosin-enriched pit-fields and individual plasmodesmata, as well as within adjacent small peripheral vacuoles. The internalization of LY was blocked by pretreating the roots with the F-actin depolymerizing drug latrunculin B, but not with the F-actin stabilizer jasplakinolide. F-actin enriched plasmodesmata and pit-fields of the inner cortex also contain abundant plant-specific unconventional class VIII myosin(s). In addition, 2,3 butanedione monoxime, a general inhibitor of myosin ATPases, partially inhibited the uptake of LY into cells of the inner cortex. Conversely, loss of microtubules did not inhibit fluid-phase endocytosis of LY into these cells. In conclusion, specialized actin- and myosin VIII-enriched membrane domains perform a tissue-specific form of fluid-phase endocytosis in maize root apices. The possible physiological relevance of this process is discussed.
Key words: Actin, endocytosis, myosin, pit-fields, plasmodesmata, root cortex.
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