JXB Advance Access originally published online on February 13, 2004
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Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 55, No. 397, pp. 605-612, March 1, 2004
© 2004 Oxford University Press
Cell and Molecular Biology, Biochemistry and Molecular Physiology |
The effect of Botrytis cinerea infection on the antioxidant profile of mitochondria from tomato leaves
Received 20 August 2003; Accepted 20 November 2003
bieta Ku
niak*
odowska
Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, University of 
ód, 90-237 ód, Banacha 12/16, Poland
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: elkuz{at}biol.uni.lodz.pl
Abbreviations: AA, reduced ascorbate; APX, ascorbate peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.11); AOS, activated oxygen species; DHA, dehydroascorbate; DHAR, dehydroascorbate reductase (EC 1.8.5.1); GLDH, L-galactono-
-lactone dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.2.3); GR, glutathione reductase (EC 1.6.4.2); GSH, reduced glutathione, GSH-Px, glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9), GSSG, oxidized glutathione; GST, glutathione transferase (EC 2.5.1.18); MDHAR, monodehydroascorbate reductase (EC 1.6.5.4); SOD, superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1).
Infection of tomato leaves with the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea resulted in substantial changes in enzymatic and non-enzymatic components of the ascorbate–glutathione cycle as well as in superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione transferase (GST), and L-galactono--lactone dehydrogenase (GLDH) activities. In the initial phase of the 5 d experiment CuZn SOD was the most rapidly induced isoform (up to 209% of control), whereas later on its activity increase was not concomitant with the constant total SOD enhancement. Starting from the second day B. cinerea infection diminished the mitochondrial antioxidant capacity by decreasing activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) as well as declining ascorbate and glutathione contents. This was accompanied by dehydroascorbate (DHA) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) accumulation that resulted in ascorbate and glutathione redox ratios decreases. The strongest redox ratio decline of 29% for ascorbate and of 34% for glutathione was found on the 3rd and 2nd days, respectively. Glutathione reductase (GR) induction (185% of control 2 d after inoculation) was insufficient to overcome the decreased antioxidant potential of glutathione. Changes in the ascorbate pool size were closely related to the activity of L-galactono--lactone dehydrogenase (GLDH). The activities of two glutathione-dependent enzymes: GSH-Px and GST were increased from day 1 to day 4. These results demonstrated that in B. cinerea–tomato interaction mitochondria could be one of the main targets for infection-induced oxidative stress.
Key words:
: Ascorbate–glutathione cycle, L-galactono--lactone dehydrogenase, glutathione-dependent enzymes.
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