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JXB Advance Access originally published online on June 18, 2004
Journal of Experimental Botany 2004 55(404):1881-1888; doi:10.1093/jxb/erh151
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Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 55, No. 404, © Society for Experimental Biology 2004; all rights reserved

RESEARCH PAPER

Overproduction of SAT and/or OASTL in transgenic plants: a survey of effects

Agnieszka Sirko*, Anna Blaszczyk and Frantz Liszewska

Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pawinskiego 5A, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Fax: +48 22 6584804. E-mail: asirko{at}ibb.waw.pl

The last steps of cysteine biosynthesis are catalysed by a bi-enzyme complex composed of serine acetyltransferase (SAT) and cysteine synthase, also called O-acetyl-serine (thiol) lyase (OASTL). SAT is responsible for the production of O-acetyl-serine (OAS) from serine and acetyl-coenzyme A, while OASTL catalyses the formation of cysteine from OAS and hydrogen sulphide. Several distinct nuclear genes for SAT and OASTL enzymes exist in plants. Products of these genes are targeted into at least three cellular compartments: cytosol, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. The SAT and OASTL enzymes are strongly evolutionary conserved, both structurally and functionally. Therefore, isoenzymes from various cellular compartments can be substituted, not only by their plant counterparts from the other cellular compartments but also by their bacterial homologues. During the last decade transgenic plants overproducing SAT, OASTL or both enzymes simultaneously were obtained independently by several research groups. These manipulations led not only to the elevated levels of the respective products, namely OAS and cysteine, but also to increased amounts of glutathione and changes in the levels of other metabolites and enzymatic activities. In several cases, the transgenic plants were also shown to be less susceptible to applied abiotic stresses. In this review, all published and some unpublished results from this laboratory related to heterologous overproduction of SAT and OASTL in transgenic plants are discussed and summarized.

Key words: Cysteine synthase, glutathione, serine acetyltransferase, transgenic plants


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