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JXB Advance Access originally published online on November 1, 2004
Journal of Experimental Botany 2004 55(408):2589-2597; doi:10.1093/jxb/erh262
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Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 55, No. 408, © Society for Experimental Biology 2004; all rights reserved

RESEARCH PAPER

Localization of ascorbic acid, ascorbic acid oxidase, and glutathione in roots of Cucurbita maxima L.

Rosalia Liso1, Mario C. De Tullio1, Samantha Ciraci1, Raffaella Balestrini2, Nicoletta La Rocca3, Leonardo Bruno4, Adriana Chiappetta4, Maria Beatrice Bitonti4, Paola Bonfante2 and Oreste Arrigoni1,*

1Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Vegetale, Università di Bari, Via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italia
2Istituto di Protezione delle Piante del CNR-Sezione di Torino, Dipartimentodi Biologia Vegetale dell'Università, Viale Mattioli 25, I-10125 Torino, Italia
3Dipartimento di Biologia Università di Padova, Via G. Colombo 3, I-35121 Padova, Italia
4Dipartimento di Ecologia, Università della Calabria, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italia

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Fax: +39 080 5442158. E-mail: arrigoni{at}botanica.uniba.it

To understand the function of ascorbic acid (ASC) in root development, the distribution of ASC, ASC oxidase, and glutathione (GSH) were investigated in cells and tissues of the root apex of Cucubita maxima. ASC was regularly distributed in the cytosol of almost all root cells, with the exception of quiescent centre (QC) cells. ASC also occurred at the surface of the nuclear membrane and correspondingly in the nucleoli. No ASC could be observed in vacuoles. ASC oxidase was detected by immunolocalization mainly in cell walls and vacuoles. This enzyme was particularly abundant in the QC and in differentiating vascular tissues and was absent in lateral root primordia. Administration of the ASC precursor L-galactono-{gamma}-lactone markedly increased ASC content in all root cells, including the QC. Root treatment with the ASC oxidized product, dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), also increased ASC content, but caused ASC accumulation only in peripheral tissues, where DHA was apparently reduced at the expense of GSH. The different pattern of distribution of ASC in different tissues and cell compartments reflects its possible role in cell metabolism and root morphogenesis.

Key words: Ascorbic acid, ascorbic acid oxidase, Cucurbita maxima L., dehydroascorbic acid, glutathione, root development


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