JXB Advance Access originally published online on November 8, 2004
Journal of Experimental Botany 2005 56(409):167-178; doi:10.1093/jxb/eri017
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RESEARCH PAPER |
Genotypic variation of the response to cadmium toxicity in Pisum sativum L.
1Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants W5, University of Bielefeld, University Str. 25, D-33501, Bielefeld, Germany
2Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Assiut, 71516, Assiut, Egypt
3All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Podbelskogo 3, Pushkin 8, 196608, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Fax: +49 521 106 6039. E-mail: karl-josef.dietz{at}uni-bielefeld.de
This work evaluates the (cor-)relations between selected biochemical responses to toxic Cd and the degree of Cd sensitivity in a set of pea genotypes. Ten genotypes were analysed that differ in their growth response to Cd when expressed as root or shoot tolerance indices (TIs). Concentrations of non-protein thiols (NPTs) and malondialdehyde (MDA), activity of chitinase, peroxidase (POX), and catalase significantly increased in all pea genotypes treated with Cd. Cd-sensitivity of genotypes was correlated with relative increases in MDA concentration as well as activities of chitinase and POX, suggesting similar Cd stress effects. Activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) decreased, but concentrations of glutathione (GSH) increased in the less Cd-sensitive genotypes. Differences in root and leaf contents of Cd revealed no correlation with TI, metabolic parameters, and enzyme activities in Cd-treated plants, respectively, except that shoot Cd concentration positively correlated with shoot chitinase activity. Toxic Cd levels inhibited uptake of nutrient elements such as P, K, S, Ca, Zn, Mn, and B by plants in an organ- and genotype-specific manner. Cd-sensitivity was significantly correlated with decreased root Zn concentrations. The results show both similarities, as well as distinct features, in Cd toxicity expression in genotypes of one species, suggesting that independent and multi-factorial reactions modulate Cd sensitivity on the low-tolerance level of plants. The study illustrates the biochemical basis of earlier detected genotypic variation in Cd response.
Key words: Ascorbate peroxidase, cadmium, catalase, glutathione, heavy metals, peroxidase, Pisum sativum L
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