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JXB Advance Access originally published online on May 5, 2005
Journal of Experimental Botany 2005 56(416):1651-1663; doi:10.1093/jxb/eri162
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© The Author [2005]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved.

RESEARCH PAPER

Light, the circadian clock, and sugar perception in the control of lignin biosynthesis

Louisa A. Rogers1 * {dagger}, Christian Dubos1 * {ddagger}, Ian F. Cullis2, Christine Surman1, Mervin Poole1 §, Janet Willment1 ¥, Shawn D. Mansfield2 and Malcolm M. Campbell1,¶

1Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK
2Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 4030-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada

Present address and to whom correspondence should be sent. Department of Botany, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B2, Canada. Fax: +1 416 978 5878. E-mail: campbell{at}botany.utoronto.ca

Experiments were undertaken to investigate some of the mechanisms that may function to regulate lignin biosynthesis (lignification) in Arabidopsis thaliana. Northern blot analyses revealed that several genes encoding enzymes involved in the synthesis of lignin monomers displayed significant changes in transcript abundance over a diurnal cycle. Northern blot analysis also suggested that some of the changes in diurnal transcript abundance were likely to be attributable to circadian regulation, whereas others were likely to be attributable to light perception. Comparison of circadian changes in transcript abundance of lignin biosynthetic genes between wild-type plants and the sex1 mutant, which is impaired in starch turnover, suggested that carbon availability related to starch turnover might determine the capacity to synthesize lignins. This hypothesis was supported by the observation that the sex1 mutant accumulated fewer lignins than wild-type plants. Consistent with the relationship between carbon availability and lignin accumulation, analysis of dark-grown wild-type A. thaliana seedlings uncovered a role for sugars in the regulation of lignin biosynthesis. Analysis of lignin accumulation, as determined by qualitative changes in phloroglucinol staining, suggested that metabolizable sugars positively influence the abundance of lignins. Transcriptome analysis supports the hypothesis that sugars are not merely a source of carbon skeletons for lignification, but they also function as a signal to enhance the capacity to synthesize lignins.

Key words: Carbohydrate, circadian, diurnal, lignification, lignin, sugar


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