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JXB Advance Access originally published online on July 7, 2006
Journal of Experimental Botany 2006 57(11):2697-2708; doi:10.1093/jxb/erl035
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© The Author [2006]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

RESEARCH PAPER

RACK1 mediates multiple hormone responsiveness and developmental processes in Arabidopsis

Jin-Gui Chen1,2,*, Hemayet Ullah2 {dagger}, Brenda Temple4, Jiansheng Liang2,6, Jianjun Guo1, José M. Alonso5 {ddagger}, Joseph R. Ecker5 and Alan M. Jones2,3

1Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4 Canada
2Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
3Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
4Structural BioInformatics Core Facility, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
5Plant Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
6College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jingui{at}interchange.ubc.ca

The scaffold protein RACK1 (Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1) serves as an integrative point for diverse signal transduction pathways. The Arabidopsis genome contains three RACK1 orthologues, however, little is known about their functions. It is reported here that one member of this gene family, RACK1A, previously identified as the Arabidopsis homologue of the tobacco arcA gene, mediates hormone responses and plays a regulatory role in multiple developmental processes. RACK1A expresses ubiquitously in Arabidopsis. Loss-of-function mutations in RACK1A confer defects in multiple developmental processes including seed germination, leaf production, and flowering. rack1a mutants displayed reduced sensitivity to gibberellin and brassinosteroid in seed germination, hypersensitivity to abscisic acid in seed germination and early seedling development, and hyposensitivity to auxin in adventitious and lateral root formation. These results provide the first genetic evidence that RACK1A is involved in multiple signal transduction pathways.

Key words: Abscisic acid, auxin, brassinosteroid, flowering, gibberellin, RACK1, seed germination, signal transduction


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