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JXB Advance Access originally published online on September 22, 2006
Journal of Experimental Botany 2006 57(14):3793-3799; doi:10.1093/jxb/erl140
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© 2006 The Author(s).
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.This paper is available online free of all access charges (see http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/open_access.html for further details)

RESEARCH PAPER

Effect of activase level and isoform on the thermotolerance of photosynthesis in Arabidopsis

Michael E. Salvucci1,*, Benjamin P. DeRidder1 and Archie R. Portis, Jr2

1USDA-ARS, Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa, AZ 85239, USA
2USDA-ARS, Photosynthesis Research Unit, Urbana, IL 61801, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: msalvucci{at}wcrl.ars.usda.gov

Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) activation decreases under moderate heat stress. This decrease is caused by an impairment of activase function, which is exacerbated by faster rates of Rubisco deactivation at elevated temperatures. To determine if stromal oxidation causes inhibition of activase, transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing suboptimal amounts of either the redox-regulated 46 kDa {alpha}- or non-redox regulated 43 kDa ß-isoform of activase were examined. Photosynthesis, as measured by gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence, and Rubisco activation were inhibited to a much greater extent by moderately high temperatures in the two transgenic lines expressing suboptimal levels of the individual isoforms of activase compared with wild-type plants or transgenic plants expressing levels of the ß-isoform sufficient for wild-type rates of photosynthesis. Net photosynthesis and Rubisco activation in transgenic plants expressing suboptimal amounts of the ß-isoform of activase from the Antarctic hairgrass were even more sensitive to inhibition by moderate heat stress than in the transgenic plants containing Arabidopsis activase. The results demonstrate that photosynthesis exhibits a similar sensitivity to inhibition by moderately high temperature in plants expressing either of the two different isoforms of activase. Thus, impairment of activase function under heat stress is not caused by oxidation of the redox-sensitive sulphydryls of the {alpha}-isoform of activase. Instead, the results are consistent with thermal denaturation of activase under moderate heat stress, the effects of which on Rubisco activation would be enhanced when activase levels are suboptimal for photosynthesis.

Key words: Carbon metabolism, heat stress, photosynthesis, Rubisco, temperature stress


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