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JXB Advance Access originally published online on February 8, 2006
Journal of Experimental Botany 2006 57(4):911-921; doi:10.1093/jxb/erj076
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© The Author [2006]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved. The online version of this article has been published under an Open Access model. Users are entitled to use, reproduce, disseminate, or display the Open Access version of this article for non-commercial purposes provided that: the original authorship is properly and fully attributed; the Journal and the Society for Experimental Biology are attributed as the original place of publication with the correct citation details given; if an article is subsequently reproduced or disseminated not in its entirety but only in part or as a derivative work this must be clearly indicated. For commercial re-use, please contact: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

RESEARCH PAPER

Transfer of phloem-mobile substances from the host plants to the holoparasite Cuscuta sp.

Mandy Birschwilks1,*, Sophie Haupt2, Daniel Hofius3 and Stefanie Neumann4

1Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry (IPB), Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
2University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4NH, UK
3Institute of Molecular Biology and Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2A, DK-1353 Copenhagen, Denmark
4Martin-Luther-Universität, Halle-Wittenberg, Institut für Pflanzen- und Zellphysiologie, Weinbergweg 10, D-06120 Halle/Saale, Germany

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mbirschw{at}ipb-halle.de

During the development of the haustorium, searching hyphae of the parasite and the host parenchyma cells are connected by plasmodesmata. Using transgenic tobacco plants expressing a GFP-labelled movement protein of the tobacco mosaic virus, it was demonstrated that the interspecific plasmodesmata are open. The transfer of substances in the phloem from host to the parasite is not selective. After simultaneous application of 3H-sucrose and 14C-labelled phloem-mobile amino acids, phytohormones, and xenobiotica to the host, corresponding percentages of the translocated compounds are found in the parasite. An open continuity between the host phloem and the Cuscuta phloem via the haustorium was demonstrated in CLSM pictures after application of the phloem-mobile fluorescent probes, carboxyfluorescein (CF) and hydroxypyrene trisulphonic acid (HPTS), to the host. Using a Cuscuta bridge 14C-sucrose and the virus PVYN were transferred from one host plant to the another. The results of translocation experiments with labelled compounds, phloem-mobile dyes and the virus should be considered as unequivocal evidence for a symplastic transfer of phloem solutes between Cuscuta species and their compatible hosts.

Key words: CF, Cuscuta, HPTS, plasmodesmata, symplastic transport, virus


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