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JXB Advance Access originally published online on February 10, 2006
Journal of Experimental Botany 2006 57(4):931-942; doi:10.1093/jxb/erj078
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© The Author [2006]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

RESEARCH PAPER

Mucilage production during the incompatible interaction between Orobanche crenata and Vicia sativa

Alejandro Pérez-de-Luque1,*, M. Dolores Lozano1, José I. Cubero2, Pablo González-Melendi3, M. Carmen Risueño3 and Diego Rubiales1

1CSIC, Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible, Apdo. 4084, E-14080 Córdoba, Spain
2ETSIAM-UCO, Dep. Genética, Apdo. 3048, E-14080 Córdoba, Spain
3CSIC, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Dep. Plant Development and Nuclear Organization, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, E-28040 Madrid, Spain

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: bb2pelua{at}uco.es

Orobanche spp. (broomrapes) are holoparasites lacking in chlorophyll and totally dependent on their host for their supply of nutrients. O. crenata is a severe constraint to legumes cultivation and breeding for resistance remains as one of the best available methods of control. However, little is known about the basis of host resistance to broomrapes. It is a multicomponent event, and resistance based on hampering development and necrosis of broomrape tubercles has been reported. In the present work, the formation of mucilage and occlusion of host xylem vessels associated with the death of O. crenata tubercles were studied histologically. Samples of necrotic O. crenata tubercles established on resistant and susceptible vetch genotypes were collected. The samples were fixed, sectioned and stained using different procedures. The sections were observed at the light microscopy level, either under bright field, epi-fluorescence or confocal laser scanning microscopy. A higher proportion of necrotic tubercles was found on the resistant genotype and this was associated with a higher percentage of occluded vessels. Mucilage is composed mainly by carbohydrates (non-esterified pectins) and the presence of polyphenols was also detected. The mucilage and other substances composed by parasite secretions and host-degraded products was found to block host vessels and obstruct the parasite supply channel, being a quantitative defensive response against O. crenata in vetch, and probably also in other legumes and plants. The presence of foreign substances (i.e. parasite secretions) and host-degraded products (i.e. carbohydrates from cell walls) inside host vessels seems to activate this response and leads to xylem occlusion and further death of established Orobanche tubercles.

Key words: Histology, legumes, necrosis, Orobanche crenata, parasitic plants, resistance, vascular gel, Vicia sativa, wilt diseases, xylem mucilage


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