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JXB Advance Access originally published online on July 13, 2007
Journal of Experimental Botany 2007 58(11):2863-2871; doi:10.1093/jxb/erm073
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© 2007 The Author(s).
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This paper is available online free of all access charges (see http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/open_access.html for further details)

RESEARCH PAPER

Isolation and characterization of Viviparous-1 genes in wheat cultivars with distinct ABA sensitivity and pre-harvest sprouting tolerance

Y. Yang1,2, Y. Z. Ma1, Z. S. Xu1, X. M. Chen1, Z. H. He1,3,*, Z. Yu2, M. Wilkinson4, H. D. Jones4, P. R. Shewry4 and L. Q. Xia1,*

1Institute of Crop Science/National Wheat Improvement Center/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China
2Agronomy College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 306 Zhaowuda Road, Hohhot 010018, Inner Mongolia, China
3CIMMYT China Office C/O CAAS, CAAS, Beijing 100081, China
4Crop Performance and Improvement Division, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: zhhe{at}public3.bta.net.cn and xialq{at}mail.caas.net.cn

Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) of wheat reduces the quality and economic value of grain, and increasing PHS tolerance is one of the most important traits in wheat breeding. Two new Vp-1B alleles related to PHS tolerance were identified on the 3BL chromosome of bread wheat and were designated Vp-1Bb and Vp-1Bc. Sequence analysis showed that Vp-1Bb has a 193 bp insertion and Vp-1Bc has a 83 bp deletion located in the third intron region of the Vp-1B gene, and that they shared 95.43% and 97.89% similarity, respectively, with the sequence of AJ400713 (Vp-1Ba) at the nucleotide level. Their sequences were deposited in the GenBank under the accession numbers DQ517493 and DQ517494. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that alternatively spliced transcripts of the Vp-1A, Vp-1B, and Vp-1D homologues were present and there were no differences in the splicing patterns or abundances of Vp-1A and Vp-1D from embryos 35 d after pollination between PHS-tolerant and -susceptible cultivars. Although Vp-1Ba, Vp-1Bb, and Vp-1Bc could each produce a set of transcripts, only one was correctly spliced and had the capacity to encode the full-length VP1 protein and was more highly expressed with Vp-1Bb and Vp-1Bc than with Vp-1Ba. Comparison of the expression patterns of Vp-1Ba, Vp-1Bb, and Vp-1Bc on different days after pollination also revealed that the expression of these genes was developmentally regulated. Furthermore, genotypes with different levels of tolerance to PHS respond differently to ABA exposure and differences in transcript levels of Vp-1Ba, Vp-1Bb, and Vp-1Bc were observed after ABA treatment. The results indicated that insertion or deletion in the third intron region might affect the expression of the Vp-1B gene and its sensitivity to ABA, and thus resistance to PHS.

Key words: ABA responsiveness, allele, expression, pre-harvest sprouting, RT-PCR, Triticum aestivum L, Vp-1

Received 25 January 2007; Revised 13 March 2007 Accepted 14 March 2007


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