JXB Advance Access originally published online on December 14, 2006
Journal of Experimental Botany 2007 58(3):651-658; doi:10.1093/jxb/erl238
RESEARCH PAPER |
Nitrate supply affects ammonium transport in canola roots
1School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, M087, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009
2School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252-21, Hobart, Tasmania 7001
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: olgab{at}cyllene.uwa.edu.au
Plants may suffer from ammonium (NH
) toxicity when NH
is the sole nitrogen source. Nitrate (NO
) is known to alleviate NH
toxicity, but the mechanisms are unknown. This study has evaluated possible mechanisms of NO
alleviation of NH
toxicity in canola (Brassica napus L.). Dynamics of net fluxes of NH
, H+, K+ and Ca2+ were assessed, using a non-invasive microelectrode (MIFE) technique, in plants having different NO
supplies, after single or several subsequent increases in external NH4Cl concentration. After an increase in external NH4Cl without NO
, NH
net fluxes demonstrated three distinct stages: release (
1), return to uptake (
2), and a decrease in uptake rate (
3). The presence of NO
in the bathing medium prevented the
1 release and also resulted in slower activation of the
3 stage. Net fluxes of Ca2+ were in the opposite direction to NH
net fluxes, regardless of NO
supply. In contrast, H+ and K+ net fluxes and change in external pH were not correlated with NH
net fluxes. It is concluded that (i) NO
primarily affects the NH
low-affinity influx system; and (ii) NH
transport is inversely linked to Ca2+ net flux.
Key words: Ammonium toxicity, Brassica napus, Ca2+, H+, ion fluxes, nitrate
Received 10 April 2006; Revised 17 October 2006 Accepted 18 October 2006