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JXB Advance Access originally published online on January 19, 2007
Journal of Experimental Botany 2007 58(5):947-956; doi:10.1093/jxb/erl255
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© The Author [2007]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

RESEARCH PAPER

Isolation and functional characterization of PgTIP1, a hormone-autotrophic cells-specific tonoplast aquaporin in ginseng*

Wuling Lin1 {dagger}, Yanhui Peng1,2 {dagger}, Guowei Li1, Rajeev Arora2, Zhangcheng Tang1, Weiai Su1 and Weiming Cai1,{ddagger}

1Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
2Department of Horticulture, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA

{ddagger} To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: wmcai{at}sippe.ac.cn

The suppression subtractive hybridization technique was used to identify differentially expressed genes between hormone-autotrophic and hormone-dependent Panax ginseng callus lines. A tonoplast intrinsic protein cDNA (PgTIP1) was found to be highly and specifically expressed in hormone-autotrophic ginseng cells, which was slightly up-regulated by cytokinin while significantly down-regulated when treated with auxin. PgTIP1 encodes a polypeptide of 250 amino acids which shows sequence and structure similarity with tonoplast aquaporins in plants. The water channel activity of PgTIP1 was demonstrated by its expression in Xenopus laevis oocytes. When over-expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana, PgTIP1 substantially altered the plant's vegetative and reproductive growth and development. Arabidopsis plants over-expressing PgTIP1 showed significantly enhanced seed size and seed mass plus greatly increased growth rate compared with those of the wild type. Moreover, the seeds from PgTIP1 over-expressing Arabidopsis had 1.85-fold higher fatty acid content than the wild-type control. These results demonstrate a significant function of PgTIP1 in the growth and development of plant cells.

Key words: Arabidopsis, ginseng, habituation PgTIP1, tonoplast intrinsic protein

* Data deposition footnote: The GenBank accession numbers for NtAQP1, AtTIP1;1, OsTIP1;1, and ZmTIP1;2 are Y08161, X72581, XM_470213, and AF326500, respectively.

{dagger} These authors have contributed equally to this work.

Received 19 July 2006; Revised 10 October 2006 Accepted 30 October 2006


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