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JXB Advance Access originally published online on February 13, 2007
Journal of Experimental Botany 2007 58(6):1271-1279; doi:10.1093/jxb/erl280
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© The Author [2007]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

RESEARCH PAPER

Peroxidases and lignification in relation to the intensity of water-deficit stress in white clover (Trifolium repens L.)

Bok-Rye Lee1, Kil-Yong Kim2,3, Woo-Jin Jung1, Jean-Christophe Avice4, Alain Ourry4 and Tae-Hwan Kim1,2,*

1Department of Animal Science, Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Chonnam National University, Buk-Gwangju, PO Box 205, Gwangju, 500-600, Korea
2Environmental-Friendly Agriculture Research Center (EFARC), College of Agriculture & Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
3Department of Biological and Environmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
4UMR, INRA-UCBN, Écophysiologie Végétale, Agronomie et Nutritions NCS, Institut de Biologie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université de Caen, F-14032 Caen Cedex, France

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: grassl{at}chonnam.ac.kr

To investigate the lignification process and its physiological significance under drought-stressed conditions, the changes in enzymes responsible for lignification and the related physiological parameters were determined in white clover (Trifolium repens L.) leaves during 28 d of water deficit treatment. Water deficit gradually decreased leaf water potential ({Psi}w) to –2.33 MPa at day 28. For the first 14 d of water deficit, ascorbate peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase were highly activated. Neither a change in the parameters symptomatic of oxidative stress nor growth inhibition was observed. The reduction of leaf biomass occurred from 21 d of water deficit treatment when {Psi}w was –2.27 MPa or less, and was concomitant with the increase of lipid peroxidation and lignin content. As {Psi}w decreased below –1.67 MPa from 14 d of water deficit, the enhanced activation of guaiacol peroxidase, coniferyl alcohol peroxidase, syringaldazine peroxidase, and benzidine peroxidase was involved in lignification rather than in protection of plant tissues against the oxidative damage. The data indicate that a high activation of lignifying enzymes during terminal stress may be a drought stress-induced injurious symptom, which leads to reduced forage growth and digestibility.

Key words: Drought, lignification, peroxidases, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, polyphenol oxidase, Trifolium repens

Received 23 July 2006; Revised 18 November 2006 Accepted 20 November 2006


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