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JXB Advance Access originally published online on April 12, 2007
Journal of Experimental Botany 2007 58(7):1591-1601; doi:10.1093/jxb/erl285
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© The Author [2007]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

RESEARCH PAPER

Sucrose supply to nematode-induced syncytia depends on the apoplasmic and symplasmic pathways

Julia Hofmann1, Krzysztof Wieczorek1, Andreas Blöchl2 and Florian M. W. Grundler1,*

1Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, BOKU – University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna, Peter Jordan-Straße 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
2Department of Chemical Ecology and Ecosystem Research, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: grundler{at}boku.ac.at

The plant parasitic nematode Heterodera schachtii induces syncytial feeding structures in the roots of host plants. Nematode-induced syncytia become strong sink tissues in the plant solute circulation system as the parasites start withdrawing nutrients. In the present work, the expression pattern of the phloem-specific sucrose transporter AtSUC4 (also described as AtSUT4) is analysed in syncytia induced by H. schachtii and it is compared with that of AtSUC2, another phloem-specific sucrose transporter, which is expressed in syncytia. The temporal expression pattern was monitored by GUS-tests and real-time RT-PCR, while the localization within the syncytia was performed using in situ RT-PCR. In this context, the concentration of sucrose in infection sites was also analysed and, in fact, an increase in response to syncytium development was found. Silencing of the AtSUC4 gene finally resulted in a significant reduction of female nematode development, thus demonstrating a function for this gene for the first time. It is therefore concluded that AtSUC4 plays a significant role in the early phase of syncytium differentiation when functional plasmodesmata to the phloem are not yet established. It is further concluded that, during syncytium establishment, transporters are responsible for sucrose supply and, at a later stage, when a connection to the phloem is established via plasmodesmata, transporters are required for sucrose retrieval.

Key words: AtSUC2, AtSUC4, Heterodera schachtii, nematode, plasmodesmata, sucrose transporter

Received 13 October 2006; Revised 23 November 2006 Accepted 27 November 2006


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