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JXB Advance Access originally published online on April 10, 2007
Journal of Experimental Botany 2007 58(7):1771-1781; doi:10.1093/jxb/erm036
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© The Author [2007]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

RESEARCH PAPER

Ultraviolet A-specific induction of anthocyanin biosynthesis in the swollen hypocotyls of turnip (Brassica rapa)

Bo Zhou1, Yuhua Li1,* {dagger}, Zhiru Xu1, Haifang Yan1,2, Shinichiro Homma2 and Saneyuki Kawabata2 {dagger}

1College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
2Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: lyhshen{at}mail.hl.cn

Ultraviolet A (UV-A)-mediated regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis was investigated in swollen hypocotyls of the red turnip ‘Tsuda’. The shaded swollen hypocotyls which contained negligible anthocyanin were exposed to artificial light sources including low fluence UV-B, UV-A, blue, red, far-red, red plus UV-A, far-red plus UV-A, and blue plus red. Among these lights, only UV-A induced anthocyanin biosynthesis and co-irradiation of red or far-red with UV-A did not affect the extent of UV-A-induced anthocyanin accumulation. The expression of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL; EC 4.3.1.5 [EC] ), chalcone synthase (CHS; EC 2.3.1.74 [EC] ), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H; EC 1.14.11.9 [EC] ), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR; EC 1.1.1.219 [EC] ), and anthocyanidin synthase (ANS; EC 1.14.11.19 [EC] ) genes was increased with time during a 24 h exposure to UV-A. In contrast, irradiation with red, blue, UV-B, and a combination of blue with red failed to induce CHS expression. Microarray analysis showed that only a few genes, including CHS and F3H, were induced significantly by UV-A, while a separate set of many genes was induced by low fluence UV-B. The UV-A-specific induction of anthocyanin biosynthesis and the unique gene expression profile upon UV-A irradiation as compared with blue and UV-B demonstrated that the observed induction of anthocyanin biosynthesis in red turnips was mediated by a distinct UV-A-specific photoreceptor, but not by phytochromes, UV-A/blue photoreceptors, or UV-B photoreceptors.

Key words: Chalcone synthase, microarray, photoreceptor, SSH, subtractive library

{dagger} These authors contributed equally to this work.

Received 3 October 2006; Revised 5 February 2007 Accepted 6 February 2007


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