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JXB Advance Access originally published online on August 28, 2007
Journal of Experimental Botany 2008 59(1):67-74; doi:10.1093/jxb/erm134
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© The Author [2007]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

SPECIAL ISSUE REVIEW PAPER

Hormonal control of shoot branching

Veronica Ongaro and Ottoline Leyser*

Department of Biology, University of York, PO Box 373, York YO10 5YW, UK

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: hmol1{at}york.ac.uk

Shoot branching is the process by which axillary buds, located on the axil of a leaf, develop and form new flowers or branches. The process by which a dormant bud activates and becomes an actively growing branch is complex and very finely tuned. Bud outgrowth is regulated by the interaction of environmental signals and endogenous ones, such as plant hormones. Thus these interacting factors have a major effect on shoot system architecture. Hormones known to have a major influence are auxin, cytokinin, and a novel, as yet chemically undefined, hormone. Auxin is actively transported basipetally in the shoot and inhibits bud outgrowth. By contrast, cytokinins travel acropetally and promote bud outgrowth. The novel hormone also moves acropetally but it inhibits bud outgrowth. The aim of this review is to integrate what is known about the hormonal control of shoot branching in Arabidopsis, focusing on these three hormones and their interactions.

Key words: Auxin, cytokinin, DAD, MAX, RMS, shoot branching

Received 27 March 2007; Revised 4 May 2007 Accepted 15 May 2007


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