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JXB Advance Access originally published online on May 31, 2008
Journal of Experimental Botany 2008 59(10):2673-2686; doi:10.1093/jxb/ern137
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© 2008 The Author(s).
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This paper is available online free of all access charges (see http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/open_access.html for further details)

RESEARCH PAPER

Over-expression of a zeatin O-glucosylation gene in maize leads to growth retardation and tasselseed formation

Albert Pineda Rodó1, Norbert Brugière2, Radomira Vankova3, Jiri Malbeck3, Jaleh M. Olson1, Sara C. Haines1, Ruth C. Martin4, Jeffrey E. Habben2, David W. S. Mok1 and Machteld C. Mok1,*

1Department of Horticulture and Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-7304, USA
2Agronomic Traits/Discovery Group, Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc., Johnston, IA 50131-1004, USA
3Institute of Experimental Botany v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague 6, Czech Republic
4United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Forage Seed Production Research Center, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mokm{at}hort.oregonstate.edu

To study the effects of cytokinin O-glucosylation in monocots, maize (Zea mays L.) transformants harbouring the ZOG1 gene (encoding a zeatin O-glucosyltransferase from Phaseolus lunatus L.) under the control of the constitutive ubiquitin (Ubi) promoter were generated. The roots and leaves of the transformants had greatly increased levels of zeatin-O-glucoside. The vegetative characteristics of hemizygous and homozygous Ubi:ZOG1 plants resembled those of cytokinin-deficient plants, including shorter stature, thinner stems, narrower leaves, smaller meristems, and increased root mass and branching. Transformant leaves had a higher chlorophyll content and increased levels of active cytokinins compared with those of non-transformed sibs. The Ubi:ZOG1 plants exhibited delayed senescence when grown in the spring/summer. While hemizygous transformants had reduced tassels with fewer spikelets and normal viable pollen, homozygotes had very small tassels and feminized tassel florets, resembling tasselseed phenotypes. Such modifications of the reproductive phase were unexpected and demonstrate a link between cytokinins and sex-specific floral development in monocots.

Key words: Corn, cytokinin, plant development, tasselseed, Zea mays, zeatin O-glucosyltransferase

Received 10 January 2008; Revised 31 March 2008 Accepted 7 April 2008


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