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JXB Advance Access originally published online on February 29, 2008
Journal of Experimental Botany 2008 59(4):951-963; doi:10.1093/jxb/ern022
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© 2008 The Author(s).
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This paper is available online free of all access charges (see http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/open_access.html for further details)

RESEARCH PAPER

Assessing the genetic relatedness of higher ozone sensitivity of modern wheat to its wild and cultivated progenitors/relatives

D. K. Biswas1, H. Xu1, Y. G. Li1,*, M. Z. Liu1, Y. H. Chen2, J. Z. Sun3 and G. M. Jiang2,1,*

1State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20 Nanxincun, 100093 Beijing, PR China
2School of Crop Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61, Daizong Avenue, 271018 Tai'an, PR China
3State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101Beijing, PR China

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: liyonggeng{at}ibcas.ac.cn; jianggm{at}126.com

Modern wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most ozone (O3)-sensitive crops. However, little is known about its genetic background of O3 sensitivity, which is fundamental for breeding O3-resistant cultivars. Wild and cultivated species of winter wheat including donors of the A, B and D genomes of T. aestivum were exposed to 100 ppb O3 or charcoal-filtered air in open top chambers for 21 d. Responses to O3 were assessed by visible O3 injury, gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, relative growth rate, and biomass accumulation. Ozone significantly decreased light-saturated net photosynthetic rate (–37%) and instantaneous transpiration efficiency (–42%), but increased stomatal conductance (+11%) and intercellular CO2 concentration (+11%). Elevated O3 depressed ground fluorescence (–8%), maximum fluorescence (–26%), variable fluorescence (–31%), and maximum photochemical efficiency (–7%). Ozone also decreased relative growth rate and the allometric coefficient, which finally reduced total biomass accumulation (–54%), but to a greater extent in roots (–77%) than in the shoot (–44%). Winter wheat exhibited significant interspecies variation in the impacts of elevated O3 on photosynthesis and growth. Primitive cultivated wheat demonstrated the highest relative O3 tolerance followed by modern wheat and wild wheat showed the lowest. Among the genome donors of modern wheat, Aegilops tauschii (DD) behaved as the most O3-sensitive followed by T. monococcum (AA) and Triticum turgidum ssp. durum (AABB) appeared to be the most O3-tolerant. It was concluded that the higher O3 sensitivity of modern wheat was attributed to the increased O3 sensitivity of Aegilops tauschii (DD), but not to Triticum turgidum ssp. durum (AABB) during speciation.

Key words: Biomass, Chl a fluorescence, genome, ozone sensitivity, relative growth rate, stomatal conductance, winter wheat

Received 20 September 2007; Revised 30 November 2007 Accepted 16 January 2008


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