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JXB Advance Access originally published online on November 13, 2007
Journal of Experimental Botany 2008 59(7):1951-1961; doi:10.1093/jxb/erm234
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© The Author [2007]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

RESEARCH PAPER

The role of stomatal acclimation in modelling tree adaptation to high CO2

Thomas N. Buckley1,2,3,*

1School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
2Bushfire Cooperative Research Centre, Australia
3Ensis, PO Box E4008, Kingston ACT 2604, Australia

* To whom correspondence should be addressed at Ensis, PO Box E4008, Kingston ACT 2604 Australia. E-mail: tom_buckley{at}alumni.jmu.edu

Carbon dioxide enrichment changes the balance of photosynthetic limitations due to water, nitrogen, and light. This paper examines the role of stomata in these changes by comparing enrichment responses predicted by an optimality-based tree growth model, DESPOT, using three alternative ‘setpoints’ for stomatal acclimation: leaf water potential ({psi}l-setpoint), the ratio of intercellular to ambient CO2 mole fraction (ci/ca-setpoint), and the parameters in a simple model in which stomata are controlled by H2O and CO2 supply and demand (linked feedback). In each scenario, stomatal conductance (gs) and photosynthetic capacity (Vm) declined, productivity and leaf area index (LAI) increased, and ci/ca remained within 5% of its pre-enrichment value. Height growth preceded the LAI response in the {psi}l-setpoint and linked feedback scenarios, but not in the ci/ca-setpoint scenario. These trends were explained in terms of photosynthetic resource substitution using the equimarginal principle of production theory, which controls carbon allocation in DESPOT: enrichment initially increased the marginal product for light, driving substitution towards light; height growth also drove substitution towards N in the {psi}l and feedback scenarios, but the inflexibility of ci/ca prevented that substitution in the ci/ca scenario, explaining the lack of height response. Each scenario, however, predicted similar behaviour for ci/ca and carbon and water flux. These results suggest that ‘setpoints’ may be robust tools for linking and constraining carbon and water fluxes, but that they should be used more cautiously in predicting or interpreting how those fluxes arise from changes in tree structure and physiology.

Key words: Carbon dioxide, climate change, photosynthesis, stomata, transpiration, water potential

Received 21 June 2007; Revised 2 September 2007 Accepted 4 September 2007


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