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JXB Advance Access originally published online on May 21, 2009
Journal of Experimental Botany 2009 60(11):3043-3065; doi:10.1093/jxb/erp152
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© The Author [2009]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

RESEARCH PAPER

Evidence for a positive regulatory role of strawberry (Fragariaxananassa) Fa WRKY1 and Arabidopsis At WRKY75 proteins in resistance

Sonia Encinas-Villarejo1 *, Ana M. Maldonado1 *, Francisco Amil-Ruiz1, Berta de los Santos2, Fernando Romero2, Fernando Pliego-Alfaro3, Juan Muñoz-Blanco1 and José L. Caballero1,{dagger}

1Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular e Instituto Andaluz de Biotecnología, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa (C-6), Universidad de Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
2Las Torres-Tomejil, I.F.A.P.A.-Junta de Andalucía, Alcalá del Río, E-41200 Sevilla, Spain
3Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Teatinos, s/n. Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain

{dagger} To whom correspondence should be addressed: E-mail: bb1carej{at}uco.es

Knowledge of the molecular basis of plant resistance to pathogens in species other than Arabidopsis is limited. The function of Fa WRKY1, the first WRKY gene isolated from strawberry (Fragariaxananassa), an important agronomical fruit crop, has been investigated here. Fa WRKY1 encodes a IIc WRKY transcription factor and is up-regulated in strawberry following Colletotrichum acutatum infection, treatments with elicitors, and wounding. Its Arabidopsis sequence homologue, At WRKY75, has been described as playing a role in regulating phosphate starvation responses. However, using T-DNA insertion mutants, a role for the At WRKY75 and Fa WRKY1 in the activation of basal and R-mediated resistance in Arabidopsis is demonstrated. At wrky75 mutants are more susceptible to virulent and avirulent isolates of Pseudomonas syringae. Overexpression of Fa WRKY1 in At wrky75 mutant and wild type reverts the enhanced susceptible phenotype of the mutant, and even increases resistance to avirulent strains of P. syringae. The resistance phenotype is uncoupled to PATHOGENESIS-RELATED (PR) gene expression, but it is associated with a strong oxidative burst and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) induction. Taken together, these results indicate that At WRKY75 and Fa WRKY1 act as positive regulators of defence during compatible and incompatible interactions in Arabidopsis and, very likely, Fa WRKY1 is an important element mediating defence responses to C. acutatum in strawberry. Moreover, these results provide evidence that Arabidopsis can be a useful model for functional studies in Rosacea species like strawberry.

Key words: Arabidopsis thaliana, At WRKY75, Colletotrichum acutatum, Fa WRKY1, plant defence response, plant resistance, strawberry, strawberry–pathogen interaction

* These authors contributed equally to the paper.

Received 21 November 2008; Revised 30 March 2009 Accepted 6 April 2009


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