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JXB Advance Access originally published online on September 7, 2009
Journal of Experimental Botany 2009 60(15):4371-4382; doi:10.1093/jxb/erp275
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© The Author [2009]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

RESEARCH PAPER

Regulation of oleosin expression in developing peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) embryos through nucleosome loss and histone modifications

Chenlong Li1 *, Keqiang Wu2 *, Guohua Fu1, Yin Li1, Yujuan Zhong1, Xiaodong Lin1, Yi Zhou1, Lining Tian3 and Shangzhi Huang1,{dagger}

1School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
2Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
3Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street London, Ontario N5V 4T3, Canada

{dagger} To whom correspondence should be addressed: E-mail: huangsz{at}mail.sysu.edu.cn

Nucleosome loss and histone modifications are important mechanisms for transcriptional regulation. Concomitant changes in chromatin structures of two peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) oleosin genes, AhOleo17.8 and AhOleo18.5, were examined in relation to transcriptional activity. Spatial and temporal expression analyses showed that both AhOleo17.8 and AhOleo18.5 promoters can adopt three conformational states, an inactive state (in vegetative tissues), a basal activated state (in early maturation embryos), and a fully activated state (in late maturation embryos). Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed an increase of histone H3 acetylation levels at the proximal promoters and coding regions of AhOleo17.8 and AhOleo18.5 associated with basal transcription in early maturation embryos. Meanwhile, a decrease of histone H3K9 dimethylation levels at coding regions of oleosins was observed in early maturation embryos. However, a dramatic decrease in the histone acetylation signal was observed at the core promoters and the coding regions of the two oleosins in the fully activated condition in late maturation embryos. Although a small decrease of histone H3 levels of oleosins chromatin was detected in early maturation embryos, a significant loss of histone H3 levels occurred in late maturation embryos. These analyses indicate that the histone eviction from the proximal promoters and coding regions is associated with the high expression of oleosin genes during late embryos maturation. Moreover, the basal expression of oleosins in early maturation embryos is accompanied by the increase of histone H3 acetylation and decrease of histone H3K9me2.

Key words: Histone acetylation, histone H3K9 dimethylation, histone loss, oleosin, peanut seed

* These authors contributed equally to the article.

Received 16 July 2009; Revised 13 August 2009 Accepted 17 August 2009


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