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JXB Advance Access originally published online on September 14, 2009
Journal of Experimental Botany 2009 60(15):4411-4421; doi:10.1093/jxb/erp281
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© 2009 The Author(s).
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This paper is available online free of all access charges (see http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/open_access.html for further details)

RESEARCH PAPER

Transcriptomic profiling of heat-stress response in potato periderm

Idit Ginzberg1,*, Gilli Barel1, Ron Ophir1, Enosh Tzin1, Zaccharia Tanami1, Thippeswamy Muddarangappa1, Walter de Jong2 and Edna Fogelman1

1Institute of Plant Sciences, ARO, Volcani Center, PO Box 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
2Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-1901, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed: E-mail: iditgin{at}volcani.agri.gov.il

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) periderm is composed of the meristematic phellogen that gives rise to an external layer of suberized phellem cells (the skin) and the internal parenchyma-like phelloderm. The continuous addition of new skin layers and the sloughing of old surface layers during tuber maturation results in smooth, shiny skin. However, smooth-skin varieties frequently develop unsightly russeting in response to high soil temperatures. Microscopic observation of microtubers exposed to high temperatures (37°C) suggested heat-enhanced development and accumulation of suberized skin-cell layers. To identify the genes involved in the periderm response to heat stress, skin and phelloderm samples collected separately from immature tubers exposed to high soil temperatures (33°C) and controls were subjected to transcriptome profiling using a potato cDNA array. As expected, the major functional group that was differentially expressed in both skin and phelloderm consisted of stress-related genes; however, while the major up-regulated phelloderm genes coded for heat-shock proteins, many of the skin's most up-regulated sequences were similar to genes involved in the development of protective/symbiotic membranes during plant–microbe interactions. The primary activities regulated by differentially expressed peridermal transcription factors were response to stress (33%) and cell proliferation and differentiation (28%), possibly reflecting the major processes occurring in the heat-treated periderm and implying the integrated activity of the stress response and tissue development. Accumulating data suggest that the periderm, a defensive tissue, responds to heat stress by enhancing the production and accumulation of periderm/skin layers to create a thick protective cover. Skin russeting may be an indirect outcome; upon continued expansion of the tuber, the inflexible skin cracks while new layers are produced below it, resulting in a rough skin texture.

Key words: Heat stress, microtubers, phellem, phelloderm, phellogen, skin russeting, Solanum tuberosum

Received 14 June 2009; Revised 23 August 2009 Accepted 25 August 2009


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