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JXB Advance Access originally published online on February 12, 2009
Journal of Experimental Botany 2009 60(3):907-922; doi:10.1093/jxb/ern354
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© 2009 The Author(s).
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This paper is available online free of all access charges (see http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/open_access.html for further details)

RESEARCH PAPER

Molecular characterization of seven genes encoding ethylene-responsive transcriptional factors during plum fruit development and ripening

I. El-Sharkawy1 *, S. Sherif1 *, I. Mila2, M. Bouzayen2 and S. Jayasankar1,{dagger}

1University of Guelph, Department of Plant Agriculture, 4890 Victoria Av. N., PO Box 7000 Vineland Station, ON, L0R 2E0 Canada
2UMR 990 INRA/INPT-ENSAT ‘Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits’, Av. de l'Agrobiopole, BP 32607, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France

{dagger} To whom correspondence should be addressed: E-mail: jsubrama{at}uoguelph.ca

Seven ERF cDNAs were cloned from two Japanese plum (Prunus salicina L.) cultivars, ‘Early Golden’ (EG) and ‘Shiro’ (SH). Based on the sequence characterization, these Ps-ERFs could be classified into three of the four known ERF families. Their predicted amino acid sequences exhibited similarities to ERFs from other plant species. Functional nuclear localization signal analyses of two Ps-ERF proteins (Ps-ERF1a and -1b) were carried out using confocal microscopy. Expression analyses of Ps-ERF mRNAs were studied in the two plum cultivars in order to determine the role of this gene family in fruit development and ripening. The seven Ps-ERFs displayed differential expression pattern and levels throughout the various stages of flower and fruit development. The diversity in Ps-ERFs accumulation was largely due to the differences in their responses to the levels of ethylene production. However, other plant hormones such as cytokinin and auxin, which accumulate strongly throughout the various developmental stages, also influence the Ps-ERFs expression. The effect of the plant hormones, gibberellin, cytokinin, auxin, and ethylene in regulating the different Ps-ERF transcripts was investigated. A model was proposed in which the role played by the plant hormone auxin is as important as that of ethylene in initiating and determining the date and rate of ripening in Japanese plums.

Key words: Double sigmoid curve growth pattern, ethylene-responsive factor (ERF), plant hormones, plum fruit development and ripening

* These authors contributed equally to the work.

Received 9 October 2008; Revised 28 November 2008 Accepted 1 December 2008


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