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JXB Advance Access originally published online on January 27, 2009
Journal of Experimental Botany 2009 60(4):1155-1162; doi:10.1093/jxb/ern361
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© The Author [2009]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

RESEARCH PAPER

Low responsiveness of grapevine flowers and berries at fruit set to UV-C irradiation

Anne-Noëlle Petit1 *, Fabienne Baillieul1 *, Nathalie Vaillant-Gaveau1, Lucile Jacquens1, Alexandra Conreux2, Philippe Jeandet2, Christophe Clément1 and Florence Fontaine1,{dagger}

1Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, URVVC-SE EA 2069, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
2Laboratoire d’œnologie et Chimie Appliquée, URVVC-SE EA 2069, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France

{dagger} To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: florence.fontaine{at}univ-reims.fr

In grapevine, stimulation of defence responses was evidenced in response to various types of abiotic stresses in both leaves and berries, as revealed by the increasing expression of genes encoding defence-related proteins or the stimulation of their corresponding activities. However, the capability of inflorescences to respond to abiotic stresses has never been investigated. Therefore, plant defence reactions in response to UV-C irradiation were followed in inflorescences and young clusters focusing on both bunchstems (peduncle and pedicels) and developing flowers/berries from separated floral buds stage [Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt and CHemical industry (BBCH) stage 57] to groat-sized berries stage (BBCH 73). For this purpose, the expression of various genes coding for pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins (class I and III chitinases, Chi1b and CH3; β-1,3-glucanase, GLUC), an enzyme of the phenylpropanoid pathway (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, PAL), and stilbene synthase (STS) was analysed in parallel with variations of chitinase activity and the accumulation of the phytoalexin resveratrol. Multiple defence responses were induced in bunchstems of both inflorescences and clusters following UV-C treatment. First, expression of genes encoding PR proteins was stimulated and chitinase activity was enhanced. Secondly, PAL and STS expression increased in association with resveratrol accumulation. Amazingly, none of the tested defence processes was induced in grapevine flowers following UV-C exposure, whatever the stage analysed. Similarly, in berries at fruit set, induction of gene expression was weak and neither an increase in chitinase activity nor resveratrol synthesis was noticed. However, in groat-sized berries, responsiveness to UV-C increased, as revealed by the induction of CH3, PAL, and STS expression, together with resveratrol accumulation. The differential responsiveness between bunchstems, flowers, and berries is discussed.

Key words: Defence responses, grapevine, inflorescences, PR proteins, resveratrol, UV-C irradiation

* These authors contributed equally to this work.

Received 27 October 2008; Revised 1 December 2008 Accepted 15 December 2008


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