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JXB Advance Access originally published online on May 20, 2009
Journal of Experimental Botany 2009 60(9):2751-2761; doi:10.1093/jxb/erp135
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© 2009 The Author(s).
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This paper is available online free of all access charges (see http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/open_access.html for further details)

RESEARCH PAPER

Inefficient double-strand DNA break repair is associated with increased fasciation in Arabidopsis BRCA2 mutants

Kiyomi Abe1, Keishi Osakabe1, Yuichi Ishikawa1 *, Akemi Tagiri1, Hiroaki Yamanouchi2, Toshio Takyuu2, Terutaka Yoshioka2 {dagger}, Takuya Ito3 {ddagger}, Masatomo Kobayashi4, Kazuo Shinozaki5, Hiroaki Ichikawa1 and Seiichi Toki1,6,§

1Division of Plant Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
2Institute of Radiation Breeding, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2425 Kamimurata, Hitachi-ohmiya, Ibaraki 319-2293, Japan
3Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, RIKEN Tsukuba Institute, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
4Experimental Plant Division, RIKEN BioResources Center, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
5Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Plant Science Center, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
6Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, 641-12 Maioka Yokohama, Kanagawa 244-0813 Japan

§ To whom correspondence should be addressed in Ibaraki. E-mail. stoki{at}affrc.go.jp

BRCA2 is a breast tumour susceptibility factor with functions in maintaining genome stability through ensuring efficient double-strand DNA break (DSB) repair via homologous recombination. Although best known in vertebrates, fungi, and higher plants also possess BRCA2-like genes. To investigate the role of Arabidopsis BRCA2 genes in DNA repair in somatic cells, transposon insertion mutants of the AtBRCA2a and AtBRCA2b genes were identified and characterized. atbrca2a-1 and atbrca2b-1 mutant plants showed hypersensitivity to genotoxic stresses compared to wild-type plants. An atbrca2a-1/atbrca2b-1 double mutant showed an additive increase in sensitivity to genotoxic stresses compared to each single mutant. In addition, it was found that atbrca2 mutant plants displayed fasciation and abnormal phyllotaxy phenotypes with low incidence, and that the ratio of plants exhibiting these phenotypes is increased by {gamma}-irradiation. Interestingly, these phenotypes were also induced by {gamma}-irradiation in wild-type plants. Moreover, it was found that shoot apical meristems of the atbrca2a-1/atbrca2b-1 double mutant show altered cell cycle progression. These data suggest that inefficient DSB repair in the atbrca2a-1/atbrca2b-1 mutant leads to disorganization of the programmed cell cycle of apical meristems.

Key words: Arabidopsis, BRCA2, cell cycle, double-strand DNA breaks, fasciation, homologous recombination, {gamma}-ray

* Present address: Tokushima Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Group, 463-10 Kagasuno, Kawauchi-cho Tokushima, Tokushima 771-0192 Japan.

{dagger} Present address: National Institute of Fruit Tree Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1 Fujimoto, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8605, Japan.

{ddagger} Present address: Antibiotics Laboratory, Chemical Biology Department, and Biomolecular Characterization Team, Advanced Technology Support Division, Advanced Science Institute, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.

Received 16 January 2009; Revised 23 March 2009 Accepted 1 April 2009


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