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JXB Advance Access published online on May 31, 2008
Journal of Experimental Botany, doi:10.1093/jxb/ern066
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© 2008 The Author(s).
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This paper is available online free of all access charges (see http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/open_access.html for further details)

RESEARCH PAPER

Intracellular energy depletion triggers programmed cell death during petal senescence in tulip

A. K. Azad1,2, Takayuki Ishikawa1, Takahiro Ishikawa1, Y. Sawa1 and H. Shibata1,*

1Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
2Department of Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: shibata{at}life.shimane-u.ac.jp

Programmed cell death (PCD) in petals provides a model system to study the molecular aspects of organ senescence. In this study, the very early triggering signal for PCD during the senescence process from young green buds to 14-d-old petals of Tulipa gesneriana was determined. The opening and closing movement of petals of intact plants increased for the first 3 d and then gradually decreased. DNA degradation and cytochrome c (Cyt c) release were clearly observed in 6-d-old flowers. Oxidative stress or ethylene production can be excluded as the early signal for petal PCD. In contrast, ATP was dramatically depleted after the first day of flower opening. Sucrose supplementation to cut flowers maintained their ATP levels and the movement ability for a longer time than in those kept in water. The onset of DNA degradation, Cyt c release, and petal senescence was also delayed by sucrose supplementation to cut flowers. These results suggest that intracellular energy depletion, rather than oxidative stress or ethylene production, may be the very early signal to trigger PCD in tulip petals.

Key words: ATP, DNA degradation, intracellular energy depletion, programmed cell death, senescence, tulip petal

Received 3 January 2008; Revised 12 February 2008 Accepted 13 February 2008


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