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JXB Advance Access originally published online on May 7, 2008
Journal of Experimental Botany 2008 59(9):2371-2378; doi:10.1093/jxb/ern103
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© 2008 The Author(s).
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This paper is available online free of all access charges (see http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/open_access.html for further details)

RESEARCH PAPER

Transgenic wheat expressing a barley class II chitinase gene has enhanced resistance against Fusarium graminearum

Sanghyun Shin1, Caroline A. Mackintosh1 *, Janet Lewis1 {dagger}, Shane J. Heinen1, Lorien Radmer1, Ruth Dill-Macky2, Gerald D. Baldridge2, Richard J. Zeyen2 and Gary J. Muehlbauer1,{ddagger}

1Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, 411 Borlaug Hall, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
2Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, 495 Borlaug Hall, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108, USA

{ddagger} To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: muehl003{at}umn.edu

Fusarium head blight (FHB; scab), primarily caused by Fusarium graminearum, is a devastating disease of wheat worldwide. FHB causes yield reductions and contamination of grains with trichothecene mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON). The genetic variation in existing wheat germplasm pools for FHB resistance is low and may not provide sufficient resistance to develop cultivars through traditional breeding approaches. Thus, genetic engineering provides an additional approach to enhance FHB resistance. The objectives of this study were to develop transgenic wheat expressing a barley class II chitinase and to test the transgenic lines against F. graminearum infection under greenhouse and field conditions. A barley class II chitinase gene was introduced into the spring wheat cultivar, Bobwhite, by biolistic bombardment. Seven transgenic lines were identified that expressed the chitinase transgene and exhibited enhanced Type II resistance in the greenhouse evaluations. These seven transgenic lines were tested under field conditions for percentage FHB severity, percentage visually scabby kernels (VSK), and DON accumulation. Two lines (C8 and C17) that exhibited high chitinase protein levels also showed reduced FHB severity and VSK compared to Bobwhite. One of the lines (C8) also exhibited reduced DON concentration compared with Bobwhite. These results showed that transgenic wheat expressing a barley class II chitinase exhibited enhanced resistance against F. graminearum in greenhouse and field conditions.

Key words: Chitinase, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium head blight, transformation, wheat

* Present address: University of Saint Mary, 4100 S. 4th Street Leavenworth, Kansas 66048, USA.

{dagger} Present address: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA.

Received 25 November 2007; Revised 13 March 2008 Accepted 14 March 2008


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