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JXB Advance Access originally published online on July 8, 2008
Journal of Experimental Botany 2008 59(11):3121-3129; doi:10.1093/jxb/ern166
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© The Author [2008]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

RESEARCH PAPER

Anion channel activity is necessary to induce ethylene synthesis and programmed cell death in response to oxalic acid

Rafik Errakhi1, Patrice Meimoun1, Arnaud Lehner1, Guillaume Vidal1, Joël Briand1, Françoise Corbineau2, Jean-Pierre Rona1 and François Bouteau1,*

1LEM (EA 3514), Université Paris Diderot, 2 place Jussieu, 75251 Paris cedex 05, France
2UPMC Université Paris 06, EA 2388, Physiologie des semences, Site d'Ivry, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: francois.bouteau{at}univ-paris-diderot.fr

Oxalic acid is thought to be a key factor of the early pathogenicity stage in a wide range of necrotrophic fungi. Studies were conducted to determine whether oxalate could induce programmed cell death (PCD) in Arabidopsis thaliana suspension cells and to detail the transduction of the signalling pathway induced by oxalate. Arabidopsis thaliana cells were treated with millimolar concentrations of oxalate. Cell death was quantified and ion flux variations were analysed from electrophysiological measurements. Involvement of the anion channel and ethylene in the signal transduction leading to PCD was determined by using specific inhibitors. Oxalic acid induced a PCD displaying cell shrinkage and fragmentation of DNA into internucleosomal fragments with a requirement for active gene expression and de novo protein synthesis, characteristic hallmarks of PCD. Other responses generally associated with plant cell death, such as anion effluxes leading to plasma membrane depolarization, mitochondrial depolarization, and ethylene synthesis, were also observed following addition of oxalate. The results show that oxalic acid activates an early anionic efflux which is a necessary prerequisite for the synthesis of ethylene and for the PCD in A. thaliana cells.

Key words: Anion channel, Arabidopsis thaliana, ethylene, oxalic acid, programmed cell death

Received 18 March 2008; Revised 13 May 2008 Accepted 14 May 2008


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