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JXB Advance Access published online on June 21, 2009
Journal of Experimental Botany, doi:10.1093/jxb/erp193
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© The Author [2009]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

REVIEW-ARTICLE

Chloroplast anchoring: its implications for the regulation of intracellular chloroplast distribution

Shingo Takagi*, Hideyasu Takamatsu and Nami Sakurai-Ozato {dagger}

Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama 1-1, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan

* To whom correspondence should be addressed: E-mail: shingot{at}bio.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp

The intracellular distribution of organelles plays a pivotal role in the maintenance and adaptation of a wide spectrum of cellular activities in plants. Chloroplasts are a special type of organelle able to photosynthesize, capturing light energy to fix atmospheric CO2. Consequently, the intracellular positioning of chloroplasts is crucial for plant growth and development. Knowledge of the photoreceptors and cellular apparatus responsible for chloroplast movement has gradually accumulated over time, yet recent advances have allowed improved understanding. In this article, several aspects of research progress into the mechanisms for maintaining the specific intracellular distribution patterns of chloroplasts, namely, chloroplast anchoring, are summarized, together with a brief consideration of the future prospects of this subject. Our discussion covers developmental, physiological, ecophysiological, and recent cell biological research areas.

Key words: Actin cytoskeleton, chloroplast anchoring, chloroplast movement, chloroplast positioning

{dagger} Present address: Department of Anatomy and Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Tsurumai 65, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.

Received 8 December 2008; Revised 18 May 2009 Accepted 19 May 2009


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