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Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 51, No. 348, pp. 1171-1178, July 2000
© 2000 Oxford University Press

Review Article

Primary sodium plasma membrane ATPases in salt-tolerant algae: facts and fictions

Hartmut Gimmler1

Julius-von-Sachs Institute of Bioscience, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany

Abstract

For thermodynamic reasons algae growing in media of both high salinity and high alkalinity require active export of sodium. However, experimental evidence for an active Na+-dependent cycle was scarce until recently, in contrast to the situation in marine bacteria (including cyanobacteria), fungi and animals. However, a review of literature reveals that some progress has been made in this respect, recently: data demonstrate that at least in two marine algae, Tetraselmis (Platymonas) viridis and Heterosigma akashiwo (syn. Olisthodiscus luteus), active Na+-export is carried out by means of a plasma membrane localized Na+-pump (apparent molecular mass 100–140 kDa). Biochemical characteristics of this vanadate-sensitive, but ouabain-resistant primary P-type Na+-ATPase are described and compared with the corresponding properties of Na+-ATPase from prokaryotes and animals. Alternative mechanisms for Na+-pumping are discussed.

Key words: Alkalinity, cytoplasmic pH, Dunaliella, Heterosigma, Na+-ATPase, membrane potential, Na+/H+-antiporter, plasma membrane, Platymonas, salinity, sodium pump, Tetraselmis.


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