Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 52, No. 362, pp. 1835-1846,
September 1, 2001
© 2001 Oxford University Press
Original Papers |
Hydraulic conductivity of rice roots
1 Lehrstuhl Pflanzenökologie, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
2 Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, 183-8509 Tokyo, Japan
3 International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
A pressure chamber and a root pressure probe technique have been used to measure hydraulic conductivities of rice roots (root Lpr per m2 of root surface area). Young plants of two rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties (an upland variety, cv. Azucena and a lowland variety, cv. IR64) were grown for 31–40 d in 12 h days with 500 µmol m-2 s-1 PAR and day/night temperatures of 27 °C and 22 °C. Root Lpr was measured under conditions of steady-state and transient water flow. Different growth conditions (hydroponic and aeroponic culture) did not cause visible differences in root anatomy in either variety. Values of root Lpr obtained from hydraulic (hydrostatic) and osmotic water flow were of the order of 10-8 m s-1 MPa-1 and were similar when using the different techniques. In comparison with other herbaceous species, rice roots tended to have a higher hydraulic resistance of the roots per unit root surface area. The data suggest that the low overall hydraulic conductivity of rice roots is caused by the existence of apoplastic barriers in the outer root parts (exodermis and sclerenchymatous (fibre) tissue) and by a strongly developed endodermis rather than by the existence of aerenchyma. According to the composite transport model of the root, the ability to adapt to higher transpirational demands from the shoot should be limited for rice because there were minimal changes in root Lpr depending on whether hydrostatic or osmotic forces were acting. It is concluded that this may be one of the reasons why rice suffers from water shortage in the shoot even in flooded fields.
Key words: Apoplastic barriers, composite transport model, hydraulic conductivity, pressure probe, root, rice, water relations.
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