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Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 54, No. 385, pp. 1305-1311, April 1, 2003
© 2003 Oxford University Press

Resistance to broomrape (Orobanche spp.) in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is temperature dependent

Received 26 June 2002; Accepted 14 January 2003

H. Eizenberg3,1, D. Plakhine1, J. Hershenhorn1, Y. Kleifeld1 and B. Rubin2

1 ARO, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Ramat Yishay, Israel
2 Faculty of Agriculture Food and Environmental Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel

3 Present address and to whom correspondence should be sent: Department of Crop and Soil Science, Crop Science Building 331B, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331. Fax: +1 541 737 3407. E-mail: Hanan.Eizenberg{at}oregonstate.edu

The effects of various temperature regimes in the range 29–17/21–9 °C day/night on each stage of the parasitism process of Orobanche cumana and O. aegyptiaca on sunflower were studied under controlled conditions in polyethylene bags. The response of the resistant sunflower variety ‘Ambar’ was expressed as the degeneration of the parasite tissues after its establishment in the plant roots, and this stage was found to be temperature dependent. The degeneration rate of Orobanche tubercles in the resistant sunflower variety was also found to be temperature dependent and was about five times as great as that in the sensitive variety in the highest temperature regime tested of 29/21 °C day/night. The ability to reject the parasite by causing its degeneration and death is the main factor that determines the resistance. As the temperature rises, more tubercles degenerate and die, that is the sunflower plant expresses higher levels of resistance.

Key words: Correlation, Orobanche aegyptiaca, Orobanche cumana, resistance, sunflower, temperatures.


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