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JXB Advance Access originally published online on February 10, 2006
Journal of Experimental Botany 2006 57(4):849-864; doi:10.1093/jxb/erj070
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© The Author [2006]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved. The online version of this article has been published under an Open Access model. Users are entitled to use, reproduce, disseminate, or display the Open Access version of this article for non-commercial purposes provided that: the original authorship is properly and fully attributed; the Journal and the Society for Experimental Biology are attributed as the original place of publication with the correct citation details given; if an article is subsequently reproduced or disseminated not in its entirety but only in part or as a derivative work this must be clearly indicated. For commercial re-use, please contact: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

RESEARCH PAPER

The plant energy-dissipating mitochondrial systems: depicting the genomic structure and the expression profiles of the gene families of uncoupling protein and alternative oxidase in monocots and dicots

Jirí Borecky1,2 *, Fábio T. S. Nogueira1,3 *, Kívia A. P. de Oliveira1,2, Ivan G. Maia1 {dagger}, Aníbal E. Vercesi2 and Paulo Arruda1,3,{ddagger}

1Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), CP 6109, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
2Departamento de Patologia Clínica (NMCE), FCM, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
3Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil

{ddagger} To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: parruda{at}unicamp.br

The simultaneous existence of alternative oxidases and uncoupling proteins in plants has raised the question as to why plants need two energy-dissipating systems with apparently similar physiological functions. A probably complete plant uncoupling protein gene family is described and the expression profiles of this family compared with the multigene family of alternative oxidases in Arabidopsis thaliana and sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) employed as dicot and monocot models, respectively. In total, six uncoupling protein genes, AtPUMP1–6, were recognized within the Arabidopsis genome and five (SsPUMP1–5) in a sugarcane EST database. The recombinant AtPUMP5 protein displayed similar biochemical properties as AtPUMP1. Sugarcane possessed four Arabidopsis AOx1-type orthologues (SsAOx1a–1d); no sugarcane orthologue corresponding to Arabidopsis AOx2-type genes was identified. Phylogenetic and expression analyses suggested that AtAOx1d does not belong to the AOx1-type family but forms a new (AOx3-type) family. Tissue-enriched expression profiling revealed that uncoupling protein genes were expressed more ubiquitously than the alternative oxidase genes. Distinct expression patterns among gene family members were observed between monocots and dicots and during chilling stress. These findings suggest that the members of each energy-dissipating system are subject to different cell or tissue/organ transcriptional regulation. As a result, plants may respond more flexibly to adverse biotic and abiotic conditions, in which oxidative stress is involved.

Key words: Alternative oxidase, expression profile, oxidative stress, uncoupling proteins


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