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JXB Advance Access published online on March 3, 2003
Journal of Experimental Botany, doi:10.1093/jxb/erg122
© 2003 by Oxford University Press
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Received December 10, 2002; accepted December 19, 2002
© 2003 Society for Experimental Biology

RESEARCH PAPER

Do increases in xylem sap pH and/or ABA concentration mediate stomatal closure following nitrate deprivation?

I. C. Dodd 1*, L. P. Tan 2, J. He 2

1 Department of Botany, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
2 Natural Sciences Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: I.Dodd{at}lancaster.ac.uk.


  Abstract

Stomatal conductance (gs) of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants decreased during the second photoperiod (day 2) after withholding nitrate (N). Stomatal closure of N-deprived plants was not associated with a decreased shoot water potential ({Psi}shoot); conversely {Psi}shoot was lower in N-supplied plants. N deprivation transiently (days 2 and 3) alkalized (0.2-0.3 pH units) xylem sap exuded from de-topped root systems under root pressure, and xylem sap expressed from excised shoots by pressurization. The ABA concentration of expressed sap increased 3-4-fold when measured on days 2 and 4. On day 2, leaves detached from N-deprived and N-supplied plants showed decreased transpiration rates when fed an alkaline (pH 7) artificial xylem (AX) solution, independent of the ABA concentration (10-100 nM) supplied. Thus changes in xylem sap composition following N deprivation can potentially close stomata. However, the lower transpiration rate of detached N-deprived leaves relative to N-supplied leaves shows that factors residing within N-deprived leaves also mediate stomatal closure, and that these factors assume greater importance as the duration of N deprivation increases.

Key words: Abscisic acid, Capsicum, nitrate, stomata, water status, xylem pH.


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