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JXB Advance Access published online on March 31, 2003
Journal of Experimental Botany, doi:10.1093/jxb/erg149
© 2003 by Oxford University Press
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Received October 30, 2002; accepted February 12, 2003
© 2003 Society for Experimental Biology

RESEARCH PAPER

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance aluminium resistance of broomsedge (Andropogon virginicus L.)

Jonathan R. Cumming 1* Jianchang Ning 1

1 Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jcumming{at}wvu.edu.


  Abstract

In the eastern United States, broomsedge (Andropogon virginicus L.) is found growing on abandoned coal-mined lands that have extremely acidic soils with high residual aluminium (Al) concentrations. Broomsedge may be inherently metal-resistant and nutrient-efficient or may rely on the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal association to overcome limitations on such sites. Broomsedge plants were grown with and without an acidic ecotype AM fungal consortium and exposed to controlled levels of Al in two experiments. The AM fungal consortium conferred Al resistance to broomsedge. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi reduced Al uptake and translocation in host plants, potentially reflecting measured reductions in inorganic Al availability in the rhizosphere of mycorrhizal plants. Mycorrhizal plants exhibited lower shoot P concentrations, higher phosphorus use efficiency, and lower root acid phosphatase rates than non-mycorrhizal plants. Aluminium significantly reduced calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) tissue concentrations in both mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants. However, plant response to any change in nutrient acquisition was substantially less pronounced in mycorrhizal plants. The exclusion of Al and greater stability of tissue biomass accretion-tissue nutrient relationships in mycorrhizal broomsedge plants exposed to Al may be important mechanisms that allow broomsedge to grow on unfavourable acidic soils.

Key words: Acidic soils, calcium, magnesium, nutrient homeostasis, phosphorus.


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